Summery
MySQLのデータにアクセスする。Construction
#アクセス
$ mysql [option] [Database]
Option
-u: オプションでは MySQL に接続するユーザー名を指定します。 -D: オプションでは接続先のデータベース名を指定します。 -p: オプションはパスワードを送信する場合に指定します。
Sample
MySQLにアクセスする
# 管理権限でアクセス
$ mysql -u root -p
Enter Password :****
mysql>
# ユーザーでDBに直接アクセス
$ mysql -u *User-Name* -D *DataBase-Name* -p
Enter Password :****
mysql>
データベースの一覧表示
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| phpmyadmin |
| wordpress |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.11 sec)
データベースの文字エンコードを調べる
# WordPressのDB文字エンコードを調べる
mysql> show create database wordpress;
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| wordpress | CREATE DATABASE `wordpress` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ |
+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
TABLEの一覧表示
# WordPressのテーブル一覧を表示
mysql> use wordpress;
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------------+
| Tables_in_wordpress |
+---------------------------------+
| news_commentmeta |
| news_comments |
| news_ewwwio_images |
| news_huge_it_share_params |
| news_huge_it_share_params_posts |
| news_links |
| news_options |
| news_postmeta |
| news_posts |
| news_statpress |
| news_term_relationships |
| news_term_taxonomy |
| news_terms |
| news_usermeta |
| news_users |
| news_xyz_ihs_short_code |
+---------------------------------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)
テーブルの中のフィールド一覧の表示
# news_usersのフィールド一覧表示
mysql> show FIELDS FROM news_users;
# カラム一覧でも同じ結果が返る
mysql> show COLUMNS FROM news_users;
+---------------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| ID | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| user_login | varchar(60) | NO | MUL | | |
| user_pass | varchar(64) | NO | | | |
| user_nicename | varchar(50) | NO | MUL | | |
| user_email | varchar(100) | NO | | | |
| user_url | varchar(100) | NO | | | |
| user_registered | datetime | NO | | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 | |
| user_activation_key | varchar(60) | NO | | | |
| user_status | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| display_name | varchar(250) | NO | | | |
+---------------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
テーブルのデータを表示する
# WOrdPressの全て記事を取得
mysql> select * from news_posts;
# タイトル一覧の表示
mysql> select post_title from news_posts;
# 結果を上位１０件だけ表示
mysql> select post_title from news_posts limit 10;
# WordPressの公開記事（IDとタイトル）一覧の取得
mysql> select ID,post_title from news_posts where post_status="publish" and post_type="post";
# bot用に、投稿済みの記事からランダムで１つを抽出する
mysql> select ID,post_title from news_posts where post_status="publish" and post_type="post" ORDER BY RAND() limit 1;
# システムユーザーを追加する
CREATE USER %user% IDENTIFIED BY [PASSWORD] '%pass%';
# システムユーザーの権限を宅内のみにする（192.168.1.0/24）
mysql> create user
-> '%user%'@'192.168.1.10' identified by 'hoge1',
-> '%user%'@'%.example.com' identified by 'fuga1',
-> '%user%' identified by 'test1',
-> '%user%'@'192.168.1.%' identified by 'all1';
終了する
$ quit
Bye
Discription
-?, --help Display this help and exit.
-I, --help Synonym for -?
--auto-rehash Enable automatic rehashing. One doesn't need to use
'rehash' to get table and field completion, but startup
and reconnecting may take a longer time. Disable with
--disable-auto-rehash.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-auto-rehash to disable.)
-A, --no-auto-rehash
No automatic rehashing. One has to use 'rehash' to get
table and field completion. This gives a quicker start of
mysql and disables rehashing on reconnect.
--auto-vertical-output
Automatically switch to vertical output mode if the
result is wider than the terminal width.
-B, --batch Don't use history file. Disable interactive behavior.
(Enables --silent.)
--character-sets-dir=name
Directory for character set files.
--column-type-info Display column type information.
-c, --comments Preserve comments. Send comments to the server. The
default is --skip-comments (discard comments), enable
with --comments.
-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol.
-#, --debug[=#] This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.
--debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit.
-T, --debug-info Print some debug info at exit.
-D, --database=name Database to use.
--default-character-set=name
Set the default character set.
--delimiter=name Delimiter to be used.
--enable-cleartext-plugin
Enable/disable the clear text authentication plugin.
-e, --execute=name Execute command and quit. (Disables --force and history
file.)
-E, --vertical Print the output of a query (rows) vertically.
-f, --force Continue even if we get an SQL error.
-G, --named-commands
Enable named commands. Named commands mean this program's
internal commands; see mysql> help . When enabled, the
named commands can be used from any line of the query,
otherwise only from the first line, before an enter.
Disable with --disable-named-commands. This option is
disabled by default.
-i, --ignore-spaces Ignore space after function names.
--init-command=name SQL Command to execute when connecting to MySQL server.
Will automatically be re-executed when reconnecting.
--local-infile Enable/disable LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE.
-b, --no-beep Turn off beep on error.
-h, --host=name Connect to host.
-H, --html Produce HTML output.
-X, --xml Produce XML output.
--line-numbers Write line numbers for errors.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-line-numbers to disable.)
-L, --skip-line-numbers
Don't write line number for errors.
-n, --unbuffered Flush buffer after each query.
--column-names Write column names in results.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-column-names to disable.)
-N, --skip-column-names
Don't write column names in results.
--sigint-ignore Ignore SIGINT (CTRL-C).
-o, --one-database Ignore statements except those that occur while the
default database is the one named at the command line.
--pager[=name] Pager to use to display results. If you don't supply an
option, the default pager is taken from your ENV variable
PAGER. Valid pagers are less, more, cat [> filename],
etc. See interactive help (\h) also. This option does not
work in batch mode. Disable with --disable-pager. This
option is disabled by default.
-p, --password[=name]
Password to use when connecting to server. If password is
not given it's asked from the tty.
-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in
order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,
/etc/services, built-in default (3306).
--prompt=name Set the mysql prompt to this value.
--protocol=name The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe,
memory).
-q, --quick Don't cache result, print it row by row. This may slow
down the server if the output is suspended. Doesn't use
history file.
-r, --raw Write fields without conversion. Used with --batch.
--reconnect Reconnect if the connection is lost. Disable with
--disable-reconnect. This option is enabled by default.
(Defaults to on; use --skip-reconnect to disable.)
-s, --silent Be more silent. Print results with a tab as separator,
each row on new line.
-S, --socket=name The socket file to use for connection.
--ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with
other flags).
--ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies
--ssl).
--ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).
--ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).
--ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-verify-server-cert
Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against
hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by
default.
-t, --table Output in table format.
--tee=name Append everything into outfile. See interactive help (\h)
also. Does not work in batch mode. Disable with
--disable-tee. This option is disabled by default.
-u, --user=name User for login if not current user.
-U, --safe-updates Only allow UPDATE and DELETE that uses keys.
-U, --i-am-a-dummy Synonym for option --safe-updates, -U.
-v, --verbose Write more. (-v -v -v gives the table output format).
-V, --version Output version information and exit.
-w, --wait Wait and retry if connection is down.
--connect-timeout=# Number of seconds before connection timeout.
--max-allowed-packet=#
The maximum packet length to send to or receive from
server.
--net-buffer-length=#
The buffer size for TCP/IP and socket communication.
--select-limit=# Automatic limit for SELECT when using --safe-updates.
--max-join-size=# Automatic limit for rows in a join when using
--safe-updates.
--secure-auth Refuse client connecting to server if it uses old
(pre-4.1.1) protocol.
--server-arg=name Send embedded server this as a parameter.
--show-warnings Show warnings after every statement.
--plugin-dir=name Directory for client-side plugins.
--default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use.
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
The following groups are read: mysql client
The following options may be given as the first argument:
--print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit.
--no-defaults Don't read default options from any option file.
--defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #.
--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read.
Variables (--variable-name=value)
and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE} Value (after reading options)
--------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
auto-rehash TRUE
auto-vertical-output FALSE
character-sets-dir (No default value)
column-type-info FALSE
comments FALSE
compress FALSE
debug-check FALSE
debug-info FALSE
database (No default value)
default-character-set auto
delimiter ;
enable-cleartext-plugin FALSE
vertical FALSE
force FALSE
named-commands FALSE
ignore-spaces FALSE
init-command (No default value)
local-infile FALSE
no-beep FALSE
host (No default value)
html FALSE
xml FALSE
line-numbers TRUE
unbuffered FALSE
column-names TRUE
sigint-ignore FALSE
port 3306
prompt mysql>
quick FALSE
raw FALSE
reconnect TRUE
socket /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
ssl FALSE
ssl-ca (No default value)
ssl-capath (No default value)
ssl-cert (No default value)
ssl-cipher (No default value)
ssl-key (No default value)
ssl-verify-server-cert FALSE
table FALSE
user (No default value)
safe-updates FALSE
i-am-a-dummy FALSE
connect-timeout 0
max-allowed-packet 16777216
net-buffer-length 16384
select-limit 1000
max-join-size 1000000
secure-auth FALSE
show-warnings FALSE
plugin-dir (No default value)
default-auth (No default value)
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