Summery
パイプ"|"で受け渡された値から、コマンドラインを実行する
※findと組み合わせて、大量ファイルに対してのバッチ処理などを一括で行うことができる。
Construction
$ fond [option] [path] [expression]
Option
--null, -0 : 入力される項目の区切りでnullの使用
-a : 標準入力ではなくファイルから読み込む
-d : 区切り文字の指定
-t : 実行前に表示エラーに出力する
-p : コマンドライン１つにつき実行するか問い合わせる
-x : 生成されたコマンドが上限を超えていたら終了する
Sample
# /var/www/内にある".js"ファイルを削除する
$ find /vaw/www -name "*.js"|xargs rm
# 検索したリストを引き継いでrsyncする
$ find find /var/log/ -type f -name ‘*.gz’|xargs -I{} rsync -av {} *user*@*server-host*:/backup/*server*/
## ただし、鍵などで対応しないと1ファイルずつパスワードを聞かれる
Discription
The xargs utility reads space, tab, newline and end-of-file delimited strings from the
standard input and executes utility with the strings as arguments.
Any arguments specified on the command line are given to utility upon each invocation,
followed by some number of the arguments read from the standard input of xargs. The
utility is repeatedly executed until standard input is exhausted.
Spaces, tabs and newlines may be embedded in arguments using single (`` ' '') or double
(``"'') quotes or backslashes (``\''). Single quotes escape all non-single quote char-
acters, excluding newlines, up to the matching single quote. Double quotes escape all
non-double quote characters, excluding newlines, up to the matching double quote. Any
single character, including newlines, may be escaped by a backslash.
The options are as follows:
-0 Change xargs to expect NUL (``\0'') characters as separators, instead of spaces
and newlines. This is expected to be used in concert with the -print0 function
in find(1).
-E eofstr
Use eofstr as a logical EOF marker.
-I replstr
Execute utility for each input line, replacing one or more occurrences of
replstr in up to replacements (or 5 if no -R flag is specified) arguments to
utility with the entire line of input. The resulting arguments, after replace-
ment is done, will not be allowed to grow beyond 255 bytes; this is implemented
by concatenating as much of the argument containing replstr as possible, to the
constructed arguments to utility, up to 255 bytes. The 255 byte limit does not
apply to arguments to utility which do not contain replstr, and furthermore, no
replacement will be done on utility itself. Implies -x.
-J replstr
If this option is specified, xargs will use the data read from standard input to
replace the first occurrence of replstr instead of appending that data after all
other arguments. This option will not affect how many arguments will be read
from input (-n), or the size of the command(s) xargs will generate (-s). The
option just moves where those arguments will be placed in the command(s) that
are executed. The replstr must show up as a distinct argument to xargs. It
will not be recognized if, for instance, it is in the middle of a quoted string.
Furthermore, only the first occurrence of the replstr will be replaced. For
example, the following command will copy the list of files and directories which
start with an uppercase letter in the current directory to destdir:
/bin/ls -1d [A-Z]* | xargs -J % cp -rp % destdir
-L number
Call utility for every number non-empty lines read. A line ending with a space
continues to the next non-empty line. If EOF is reached and fewer lines have
been read than number then utility will be called with the available lines. The
-L and -n options are mutually-exclusive; the last one given will be used.
-n number
Set the maximum number of arguments taken from standard input for each invoca-
tion of utility. An invocation of utility will use less than number standard
input arguments if the number of bytes accumulated (see the -s option) exceeds
the specified size or there are fewer than number arguments remaining for the
last invocation of utility. The current default value for number is 5000.
-o Reopen stdin as /dev/tty in the child process before executing the command.
This is useful if you want xargs to run an interactive application.
-P maxprocs
Parallel mode: run at most maxprocs invocations of utility at once.
-p Echo each command to be executed and ask the user whether it should be executed.
An affirmative response, `y' in the POSIX locale, causes the command to be exe-
cuted, any other response causes it to be skipped. No commands are executed if
the process is not attached to a terminal.
-R replacements
Specify the maximum number of arguments that -I will do replacement in. If
replacements is negative, the number of arguments in which to replace is
unbounded.
-s size
Set the maximum number of bytes for the command line length provided to utility.
The sum of the length of the utility name, the arguments passed to utility
(including NULL terminators) and the current environment will be less than or
equal to this number. The current default value for size is ARG_MAX - 4096.
-t Echo the command to be executed to standard error immediately before it is exe-
cuted.
-x Force xargs to terminate immediately if a command line containing number argu-
ments will not fit in the specified (or default) command line length.
If utility is omitted, echo(1) is used.
Undefined behavior may occur if utility reads from the standard input.
The xargs utility exits immediately (without processing any further input) if a command
line cannot be assembled, utility cannot be invoked, an invocation of utility is termi-
nated by a signal, or an invocation of utility exits with a value of 255.
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